Gender Affirmation Surgeries: What Is a Phalloplasty?

This is more commonly known as “bottom surgery.”

Written by Lauren Smith, MA | Reviewed by Mera Goodman, MD, FAAP

Not every transgender man chooses to pursue gender affirmation surgery. For those who do, one option is a phalloplasty, or a procedure to surgically construct a penis. Colloquially, many refer to this as simply “bottom surgery.”

“Phalloplasty is the biggest and most complex operation that we do,” says Jess Ting, MD, Reconstructive Surgeon at The Mount Sinai Hospital. “That operation can take 12 hours.” A phalloplasty is a difficult and complex surgery. It has a long recovery time and a relatively high risk of complications.

For some individuals, the surgery may still be worth the potential risks. Many people who have undergone this procedure are very satisfied with the outcomes, and it may help improve self-esteem and gender dysphoria. That’s why it’s beneficial to discuss the risks and benefits with your surgical team to decide if a phalloplasty is right for you.

Additional Medical Contributors

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  • Jess Ting, MDJess Ting, MD, is a reconstructive surgeon at Mount Sinai Hospital.

References

Cavayero, C. T., et al. (2022). Penile prosthesis implantation. StatPearls [Internet].

Chang, T. S. (1984). Forearm flap in one-stage reconstruction of the penis. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery.

View All References (6)

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GoodRx Health has strict sourcing policies and relies on primary sources such as medical organizations, governmental agencies, academic institutions, and peer-reviewed scientific journals. Learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate, thorough, and unbiased by reading our editorial guidelines.

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