QUICK FACTS
· Ultraviolet (UV) light poses the greatest threat to skin health, leading to a variety of damaging effects, including photoaging, hyperpigmentation, and a heightened risk of skin cancer.
· Daily application of a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher is highly recommended to safeguard your skin.
If you find yourself overwhelmed by the task of selecting the ideal sunscreen for your skin, this article will equip you with valuable insights to help you discover the perfect sunscreen(s) to meet all your requirements.
Why is Daily Sunscreen Application Crucial?
Research has confirmed that ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a primary contributor to various skin damages [1]:
· Photoaging, which results from the generation of free radicals and the breakdown of vital skin elements, such as collagen fibers.
· The risk of developing skin cancer, as UV light is classified as a complete carcinogen.
The sunlight that interacts with our skin consists of two primary types of UV radiation:
UVA = Aging
UVA rays account for 90-95% of sunlight and can penetrate deeply into the skin, reaching the dermis where collagen and elastic fibers reside [2]. They are chiefly responsible for the aging effects of the skin.
UVB = Burning
Though UVB rays represent only 5-10% of sunlight, they are more energetic than UVA rays and primarily affect the skin’s outer layer (epidermis) [2]. They are the leading cause of sunburn and skin cancers, as UVB radiation can directly penetrate the DNA of skin cells, causing alterations that may lead to mutations [1].
Utilizing sunscreens is vital in minimizing the harmful impacts of UV radiation on our skin. These products function by absorbing, reflecting, or scattering both UVA and UVB rays, thanks to the inclusion of photoprotective agents, which encompass both mineral and chemical filters [1].
Understanding Broad-Spectrum Protection: What Do SPF and PA Mean?
In today’s market, ideal sunscreens should provide protection against both UVB and UVA rays. Broad-spectrum sunscreens will typically indicate “SPF” and either “UVA” or “PA” on their packaging.
SPF, or S un P rotection Factor, refers to the level of protection against UVB radiation. It indicates how much UVB exposure the sunscreen can block before skin redness occurs. The higher the SPF, the more extended the protective duration against UVB rays [3]:
SPF 15 = blocks 93% of UVB
SPF 30 = blocks 97% of UVB
SPF 50 = blocks 98% of UVB
Some sunscreens also feature a PA rating, which stands for Protection Grade of UV A , followed by a + sign [4]:
PA+ = Some UVA protection.
PA++ = Moderate UVA protection.
PA+++ = High UVA protection.
PA++++ = Extremely High UVA protection.
Always prioritize broad-spectrum sunscreens with an SPF of 30 or higher, and whenever possible, choose those with a PA rating of at least +++.
How to Select Your Perfect Sunscreen?
Ultimately, the most effective sunscreen is the one you will consistently apply . Therefore, it's crucial to find a sunscreen that you will look forward to using daily, which can depend on several factors, particularly your skin type.
Let’s delve into the details!
1. Mineral vs. Chemical Filters
Sunscreens consist of a blend of chemical and mineral UV filters to provide comprehensive protection against both UVA and UVB radiation [5].
Chemical filters are organic compounds that absorb UVA and/or UVB rays. Common examples include octocrylene, avobenzone, and homosalate.
On the other hand, mineral filters, such as Zinc Oxide and Titanium Dioxide, work by reflecting and scattering UV radiation while also absorbing it like their chemical counterparts [6].
Your choice between the two will largely depend on your personal preferences and skin type or tone. For instance, mineral sunscreens are often recommended for sensitive skin, though they may leave a white residue on darker skin tones. Ultimately, select the sunscreen that aligns with your preferences and skin needs.
2. Sunscreen Tailored to Your Skin Type
When establishing your skincare regimen, it’s essential to choose products (including sunscreen) that cater to your specific skin type.
Here’s a handy guideline to assist you in making the right choice:
SKIN TYPE
WHAT TO LOOK FOR?
Example
For oily skin, gel or gel-cream formats are optimal as they are water-based.
One highly recommended product that dermatologists and users alike appreciate for its versatility is Beauty of Joseon Relief Sun: Rice + Probiotics SPF 50 PA++++, which is lightweight, absorbs rapidly (ideal for oily skin), layers well over moisturizers (suitable for dry skin), and is fragrance-free (great for sensitive skin).
3. Sunscreen for Your Skin Tone
Some sunscreens can leave an undesirable white cast on the skin, deterring many individuals from using sun protection. This is especially common with products that contain mineral filters (particularly Zinc Oxide), though it greatly varies by formulation.
Thanks to advancements in formulation technology, there are now plenty of options that help you avoid that thick white residue, allowing for daily sunscreen application, even on darker skin tones. Here are some options to consider:
Keep in mind, however, that some may cause discomfort for those with sensitive skin.
• Beauty of Joseon Relief Sun: Rice + Probiotics SPF 50 PA++++
4. Sunscreen with Added Benefits
Some multifunctional sunscreens can streamline your morning routine by serving as an all-in-one option. These products are infused with active ingredients that address skin concerns while providing protection and even enhancing
